2nd+Zeusaphones+Bk+13

=​​​ -The Odyssey: Book XIII-- = Picasso & Yapper: Keith "Man of Bow" Bowman Connector: Charlie "Carlos" Swain Detective: Dan "Losy" Losiniecki

Contents:
Characters Settings Vocabulary Themes Summery Detective Work Additional Pictures

Important Characters Odysseus Athena (disguised as a shepherd) Alcinous Poseidon Zeus

Settings Scheria-land of the Phaeacians The Sea Ithaca

Vocab===
 * Oracle**- An authoritive or wise utterance, a person of great authority or wisdom.

Themes
**1. Importance of Phrophecy** - Pg 261- "I can recall an ancient prophecy, an **oracle** my father told me. He often said that we would have to face Poseidon's wrath since we, across his seas, gave escort to all."
 * 2. Hospitality **- The Phaeacians give Odysseus many gifts and took him home without charging him.
 * 3. Sacrifices: **

Types of Sacrifices
**1. Libation-** Liquid Offering. Pg. 255- "Then on behalf of them, Alcinous, whose force was sacred, sacrificed a bull to Zeus, the god of dark clouds, lord of all: they offered up roast thighs, then with delight they fell to feasting..." ** 3. Hecatomb **- Large Sacrifice-The Great Sacrifice at the Altar of Zeus. The Great Altar of Zeus was a long ceremony to pay respect to Zeus. The procession started with hundreds of bulls to be sacrificed along with gold and silver. The citizens of Greece marched into the Temple of Zeus until they reached the Great Altar. The Great Altar, a pile reaching twenty feet high, was constructed of ashes that had been made over countless years. The bulls were sacrificed and their thighs were burned and placed on top of the other ashes.
 * 2. Ordinary-** Usually an animal, or grains

Summary:
Odysseus is in Scheria, awaiting to leave for Ithaca. Before they leave, Alcinous hosts a feast where they sacrifice to Zeus. After the feast Odysseus is taken home on a Phaeacian ship with no trouble, sleeping the whole way. The crewmen set Odysseus on the Ithacan shore with his treasures still fast asleep, and dispatch home. Meanwhile, Poseidon discusses his anger at the Phaeacians for helping Odysseus with Zeus. Poseidon then sinks the returning Phae á cians ships by turning the ship into in stone as Zeus had suggested. Alcinous remembers hearing this event predicted from an oracle his father told him and sacrifices 12 bulls to Poseidon in hope that he will stop him from placing mountains around the city. Back on Ithaca Athena places a mist on the now awake Odysseus so that he wouldn't be able to recognize his home land, and so no one will recongnize Odysseus. At first he doubts that he is home and sits in sorrow. Then Athena presents herself as a young shepherd and comforts Odysseus. Odysseus now belives he is in Ithaca. Later Athena reveals her idenity and plans with Odysseus to get vengence on the suitors. The book ends with Odysseus being disguised as an old man by the goddess so they can see a swineherd loyal to him.


 * Detective Work: **

The Phaeacians were very hospitable and kind to Odysseus during his stay, but who exactly were they? Some people believe the name Phaeacians comes from Phaeax, son of Posiedon and Corcyra and father of King Alcinous. The island had been a stopping place for famous mythical figures besides Odysseus. When Heracles came to the island to cleanse himself of the murder of his children by Megara, he had a child with the naiad Melite, daughter of Aegaeus, the river god. King Alcinous welcomed Jason and the Argonauts during their quest for the legendary Golden Fleece. Modern enturpreters belive that the island of the Phaeacians is current day Corfu, witch lies 80 miles east of Ithaca. Locals claimed that their island was Scheria based on a strange rock found in the harbor, believed to be the ship Posiedon turned to stone.

From left to right: Zeus, Athena, Posiedon